SAGES Magazine

THE SOUTH AFRICAN GASTROENTEROLOGY REVIEW 2023 | VOLUME 21 | ISSUE 1 | 20 Table II: Incidence of celiac disease per 100.000 person- year according to age groups Year Incidence (100.000 p-y) Age group (Year) 4-14 15-29 30-44 45-55 >56 2015 0.9 5.6 3.4 2.1 0.9 2016 3.4 2.1 2.5 3.4 0.8 2017 2.1 3.3 2.5 1.7 0.8 2018 1.2 4.5 5.8 1.7 0.0 2019 0.4 3.7 2.4 0.4 0.8 2020 0.4 2.8 1.2 2.8 1.2 Mean ± SE 1.4 ± 0.5 3.7 ± 0.5 3.0 ± 0.6 2.0 ± 0.4 0.8 ± 0.2 CI (95%) 0.47-2.33 2.69-4.67 1.75-4.22 1.18-2.84 0.44-1.08 Table III: Celiac disease incidence per 100.000 person-year according to sex Year Effective Incidence (CI 95%) Male (n=51) Female (n=105) Incidence male Incidence female 2015 10 20 4.3 8.6 2016 9 20 3.8 8.5 2017 7 18 2.9 7.5 2018 13 19 5.4 7.8 2019 6 13 2.4 5.3 2020 6 15 2.4 6.0 Mean ± SE 8.5 ± 1.1 17.5 ± 1.2 3.5 ± 0.5 7.3 ± 0.5 Data Analysis The incidence was measured as: Number of people who presented with CD over a defined period of time / Number of disease-free people in that population at the start period of time. Prevalence was defined by the amount of disease in a population at a given time. It was measured as the number of existing cases in a defined population at a given point in time/ Number of people in the defined population at the same point in time. The incidence and prevalence were expressed per 100 000 person-years 10, 11 . Data entry was done using SPSS 22.0 software (IBM Corporation, Chicago, IL, USA)., with calculation of means, standard deviations, and significance. Results Number of coeliac patients in the region of Sidi Bel Abbes During the period of 2015-2020, 156 coeliac patients were identified in the region of Sidi Bel Abbes. Females predominated, n=105, (67.3%), see figure 1. Figure 1: Percentage distribution of coeliac patients by sex (2015-2020) █ Male | █ Female Incidence of CD in the region of Sidi Bel Abbes The incidence of newly diagnosed cases of coeliac disease are presented in figure 2. The average of CD incidence was 10,83 per 100.000 person-years (p-y). The CD incidence varied from 12.87 per 100.000 p-y in 2015 to 12.28 per 100.000 p-y in 2016 to 10.45 per 100.000 p-y in 2017, increased in 2018 to 13.62 per 100.000 p-y, decreased in 2019 to 7.33 per 100.000 p-y and ; and increased to 8.45 per 100.000 p-y in 2020. Figure 2: Incidence of celiac disease in the study population. Celiac disease incidence results by age groups The age at diagnosis ranged from 5 to 67 years, with a mean age of (32.4 ± 1.3) years. For the age group 15- 29 years, the incidence of CD was estimated at 3.7 per 100.000 p-y. We noted a significant increase in this age group compared to other age groups of 4-14, (p=0.04) and >56 year, p=0.004. CD Incidence results by sex Regardless the year of study, we found that the incidence of celiac disease by sex was consistently higher in females (7.3 per 100.000 p-y) than in males (3.5 per 100.000 p-y with a M/F sex ratio of 0.48. Prevalence of celiac disease in the region of Sidi Bel Abbes The number of patients identified during the study was 156 cases in a population of 248 631, with a sex ratio of 0.48. The prevalence of CD in our province is estimated at 0.063%. Discussion Our retrospective has suggested a CD prevalence of 0,063%. in Sidi Bel Abbes in northwestern Algeria. Our findings concur with a previous study of Bessahraoui et al., 2011 who found a significant decline of CD in Western Algeria. The incidence (expressed per 1000 live births) of newly diagnosed CD cases in Oran had gradually increased from 1978-1989 with the highest figure recorded in 1989 (4.7 per 1000 live births). The incidence declined gradually and significantly to A STUDY 32,69 67,31